Joan Miro
Catalan surrealist painter, sculptor, engraver and ceramist
Joan Miro, Spanish artist born in Barcelona in 1893 and died in Palma de Majorques in 1983.
He began his studies in commerce, which he soon abandoned in favor of the fine arts. While practicing painting still lifes or landscapes, the influence of Fauvism and Cubism extends to Catalonia.
In 1919 he traveled to Paris for the first time, where he lived for several years. During the 1920s, Miro met many artists of the time. His first solo show in the French capital took place in 1921; His works are largely inspired by the Cubist movement. The years 1923 and 1924 are crucial for the artist: he develops a plastic language of his own. At the same time, André Breton's Manifesto of Surrealism (1924) was published and Miro became one of the representatives of the movement, inspired by the unconscious and the world of dreams.
During the 1930s, Miro abandoned the surrealist painting movement for collages. While playing with textures and different materials, he now practices other artistic practices such as ceramics, sculpture, lithography, engraving, watercolor. He returned to Barcelona in 1942.
He built the Joan-Miro Foundation for Contemporary Art (1975) and devoted the last years of his life to creating monumental sculptures. Thanks to its unique approach, it remains one of the most celebrated Spanish artists.
Distinctions
Grand Prize of engraving of the Biennale of Venice (1954)
Grand Cross of the Civil Order of Alfonso X the Wise (1959)
Grand Prize of the Guggenheim Foundation (1959)
Knight of the Legion of Honor of the French Republic (1962)
Price Carnegie of Painting (1966)
Gold medal of the Generalitat de Catalunya (1978)
Gold Medal of Fine Arts (1980)
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